The second Chinese defense white paper released on October 16, 2000, denounces the new "separatist forces" in Taiwan. It repeats conditions known as the "Three If's"-"if a grave turn of events occurs leading to the separation of Taiwan from China in any name, or if Taiwan is invaded and occupied by foreign countries, or if the Taiwan authorities refuse, sine die, the peaceful settlement of cross-Strait reunification through negotiations"-any of which would leave "the Chinese government… [with] no choice but to adopt all drastic measures possible, including the use of force, to safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and achieve the great cause of reunification."